{"id":6979,"date":"2020-05-04T17:59:44","date_gmt":"2020-05-04T15:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hausamstrom.de\/udoli-dunaje-2\/pruvodci-rekou-dunaj\/"},"modified":"2020-05-04T17:59:44","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T15:59:44","slug":"pruvodci-rekou-dunaj","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hausamstrom.de\/cs\/udoli-dunaje-2\/pruvodci-rekou-dunaj\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fvodci \u0159ekou Dunaj"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Donauleiten z Passau do Jochensteinu”][vc_column_text]P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace (NSG) \u201eDonauleiten z Pasova do Jochensteinu\u201c je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody NATURA 2000, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b evropsk\u00fdch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Rezerva byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v roce 1986 a m\u00e1 rozlohu 401 ha. Pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed o d\u00e9lce asi 30 km, od asi 290 m nad mo\u0159em. NN a\u017e asi 550 m nad mo\u0159em. NN. V\u00fdznamn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly ukazuj\u00ed sklon jejich distribuce teploty; na horn\u00edch svaz\u00edch je alespo\u0148 do\u010dasn\u011b chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed o n\u011bkolik stup\u0148\u016f ne\u017e na svahu.[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Stru\u010dn\u00e1 fakta, \u010d\u00edsla, data” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prostor, geografie:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 90 km dlouh\u00e9ho \u00fazk\u00e9ho \u00fadol\u00ed na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b \u010desk\u00e9 p\u00e1nve mezi Hofkirchen na Dunaji v Bavorsku a Aschach na Dunaji v Horn\u00edm Rakousku. P\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b na jih exponovan\u00e9 strm\u00e9 svahy. Nadmo\u0159sk\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka mezi 290 m nad mo\u0159em. NN a 550 m nad hladinou mo\u0159e. NN.<\/p>\n

Geologie:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Epientetick\u00e9 pr\u016flomov\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed od ran\u00e9ho t\u0159etihor, sk\u00e1ly moldanubick\u00e9 k\u0159e (\u201ebarevn\u00e1 \u0159ada\u201c). Hlavn\u011b perlov\u00e9 ruly a \u017euly, \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b v\u00e1penn\u00e9 \u010do\u010dky (mramor) a grafit.<\/p>\n

Oblastn\u00ed zem\u011bpisn\u00e1 poloha:<\/strong><\/p>\n

pre-alpine \/ montane skupina: od Alp a Bavorsk\u00e9ho lesa, nap\u0159. cyklamen, lesn\u00ed koz\u00ed vousy, horsk\u00fd alpsk\u00fd zvonek, vysokohorsk\u00fd ke\u0159, ach\u00e1tov\u00fd \u0161nek, hn\u011bd\u00fd knofl\u00edk
\nsubatlantick\u00e1 skupina: ze z\u00e1padn\u00edch oblast\u00ed s vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdmi proporcemi, nap\u0159. Sage-Gamander, Black Striped Fern
\nkontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed skupina: z v\u00fdchodn\u00edch stepn\u00edch oblast\u00ed, nap\u0159. Li\u0161ka velkokv\u011bt\u00e1, b\u011bl\u00edc\u00ed housle, glaukus horsk\u00fd, svisl\u00fd plam\u00e9nek, sedmikr\u00e1ska zoboro\u017eec, whitefly, rusk\u00fd medv\u011bd
\nsubmediter\u00e1nn\u00ed skupina: zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b teplomiln\u00e9 druhy, n\u011bkdy reliktn\u00ed v\u00fdskyty a \u201ez\u00e1kladny\u201c, nap\u0159. Pimpernut, medv\u011bd trpasl\u00edk, immen list, aesculapian had, smaragdov\u00fd je\u0161t\u011br
\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_custom_heading text=”Pou\u017eit\u00ed & historie” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]\"Landschaftswandel,<\/p>\n

V minulosti byly \u0159eky Dunaj vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny postupn\u011b a m\u00edstn\u011b – \u010dasto v mal\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. V z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadavc\u00edch na zdroje. Existovaly r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy vyu\u017eit\u00ed: n\u00edzk\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed lesn\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed, v\u00fdroba podest\u00fdlky, lesn\u00ed pastviny, b\u0159ezov\u00e9 lesnictv\u00ed, ve st\u0159edov\u011bku \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vina\u0159stv\u00ed (Obernzell, Passau).<\/p>\n

Dnes m\u00edrn\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed palivov\u00e9ho d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed v prou\u017ekovan\u00fdch pr\u016fhledn\u00fdch porostech s p\u0159irozenou regenerac\u00ed nebo odstran\u011bn\u00edm \/ vysr\u00e1\u017een\u00edm jednotliv\u00fdch strom\u016f (Plenterwirtschaft). Krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bodstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed mrtv\u00e9ho d\u0159eva pro v\u00fdrobu \u0161t\u011bpky. Wegtechnchnisch the Donauleiten jsou m\u00e1lo vyvinut\u00e9, tak\u017ee Holzbringung je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n

 [\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”Pflanzen & Tiere” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]Asi 450 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f rostlin, v\u010detn\u011b rarit, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad michel oby\u010dejn\u00fd (Carex michelii), zub\u00e1\u010d obecn\u00fd (Dentaria enneaphyllos), \u0161alv\u011bj \u0161alv\u011bj (Salvia glutinosa), kart\u00e1ginsk\u00fd karafi\u00e1t (Dianthus carthusianorum), otak\u00e1rek velk\u00fd (Vincetoxicum hirundinum), velk\u00fd tuk velk\u00fd) a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch.<\/p>\n

V\u00edce ne\u017e 1600 \u017eivo\u010di\u0161n\u00fdch druh\u016f. Mezi druhy, kter\u00e9 se zde vyskytuj\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed asi 88 druh\u016f pt\u00e1k\u016f, jako je sova orla, \u010d\u00e1pa \u010dern\u00e9ho, \u200b\u200bsokola lesn\u00ed, k\u00e1n\u011b medonosn\u00e1, l\u00edska b\u011blohlav\u00e1, nab\u011bra\u010dka, ost\u0159ice rudokv\u011bt\u00e1 a oriole. Pouze v t\u00e9to oblasti se vyskytuje sedm r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f plaz\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9ho had\u00edho eesculapsk\u00e9ho a smaragdov\u00e9ho je\u0161t\u011bra v N\u011bmecku. D\u00e1le existuje 8 r\u016fzn\u00fdch druh\u016f oboj\u017eiveln\u00edk\u016f, v\u00edce ne\u017e 500 druh\u016f hmyzu, 96 druh\u016f m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161\u016f a 55 druh\u016f pavouk\u016f.[\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”stav ochrany” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]\"\"<\/p>\n

Dunajsk\u00e1 jezera jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmu v\u00fdznamu pro m\u00edstn\u00ed fl\u00f3ru a faunu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace (NSG) \u201eDonauleiten z Pasova do Jochensteinu\u201c od roku 1986, 401 ha
\nChr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 krajinn\u00e1 oblast (LSG) “Dunajsk\u00e9 \u00fadol\u00ed Erlau – Jochenstein od roku 1967, aktualizov\u00e1no v roce 1996, 660 ha
\nPlocha Fauna-Flora-Habitat \/ Natura 2000, 534 ha (Standard-Datenbogenstandardnilist<\/a>)<\/p>\n

\"Natura<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace!<\/p>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161ku p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace Donauleiten najdete zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed mapu s hranicemi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace najdete zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n

 [\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”plazi” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]\"\u00c4skulapnatter,Jedn\u00edm z hlavn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f pro ur\u010den\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace \u201eDonauleiten z Pasova do Jochensteina\u201c v roce 1986 byla jedine\u010dn\u00e1 rozmanitost plaz\u016f v Dunaji.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace je domovem 7 z 10 druh\u016f nalezen\u00fdch v Bavorsku. V oblasti poch\u00e1zej\u00ed 4 druhy je\u0161t\u011br\u016f a 3 druhy had\u016f: je\u0161t\u011brka v\u00fdchodn\u00ed (Lacerta viridis), je\u0161t\u011brka p\u00edse\u010dn\u00e1 (Lacerta agilis), je\u0161t\u011brka podarcis muralis), anguis fragilis (pomal\u00e1 \u010derve\u0148), aesculapian had (Zamrixis longissimus), had\u00edk natick\u00fd (Natrix Corrix) ).<\/p>\n

Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jedine\u010dn\u00fd a jedine\u010dn\u00fd pro N\u011bmecko je \u010dast\u00fd (sympatick\u00fd) v\u00fdskyt smaragdov\u00e9ho je\u0161t\u011brky a aesculapsk\u00e9ho hada. Oba druhy jsou v N\u011bmecku extr\u00e9mn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 – \u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00ed v ji\u017en\u00ed a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. Obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b aesculapsk\u00fd had je – na rozd\u00edl od toho, co si \u010dlov\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee myslet – \u201eobyvatel lesa\u201c. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed lesy Donauleiten a hled\u00e1 slunce na skaln\u00edch ploch\u00e1ch, vrcholc\u00edch strom\u016f nebo okraj\u00edch les\u016f. \u010casto se vyskytuje tak\u00e9 v bl\u00edzkosti osad. Smaragdov\u00fd je\u0161t\u011brka se v\u0161ak vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 s\u00eddli\u0161t\u011bm a pot\u0159ebuje otev\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a slunn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b. Preferuje v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 oblasti, jako jsou lesn\u00ed okraje nebo hust\u00e9 svahy.<\/p>\n

\"Smaragdeidechse\"<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011brka na zdi je jedin\u00fdm druhem v Passau Donauleiten, kter\u00fd sem sem s\u00e1m nep\u0159ijel. Ve Pasov\u011b byl pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ve 30. letech opu\u0161t\u011bn a od t\u00e9 doby se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il a je to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b plaz plaziv\u00fd s nejv\u00edce jedinci v dunajsk\u00fdch \u0159ek\u00e1ch. Pro ostatn\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata nep\u0159edstavuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, naopak – lze p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee had Schling, kter\u00fd d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost chyt\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch plaz\u016f, profituje ze je\u0161t\u011brky na zdi.<\/p>\n

Pokud se chcete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o plazech, pod\u00edvejte se na n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed str\u00e1nky:<\/p>\n

Landesverband f\u00fcr Ampgibien- und Reptilienschutz in Bayern e. V.<\/a><\/p>\n

www.feldherpetologie.de – Artensteckbrief \u00d6stliche Smaragdeidechse<\/a><\/p>\n

www.feldherpetologie.de – Artensteckbrief \u00c4skulapnatter<\/a><\/p>\n

 [\/vc_column_text][vc_custom_heading text=”roh\u00e1\u010d” font_container=”tag:h3|text_align:left”][vc_column_text]\"Hirschk\u00e4fer,Rohl\u00edk je v Bavorsku pom\u011brn\u011b vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e. Zejm\u00e9na v ji\u017en\u00edm Bavorsku jeho populace v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch prudce poklesla. Odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za to jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zm\u011bny v lese a v krajin\u011b obecn\u011b, tak\u017ee jelen brouk ji\u017e nenajde dostatek stanovi\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n

Na b\u0159ehu Dunaje se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jedna z m\u00e1la v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch populac\u00ed jelenovit\u00e9ho v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm Bavorsku. Zde najdete des\u00edtky na n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech. Aby tomu tak bylo, sna\u017e\u00ed se zachovat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mrtv\u00e9ho d\u0159eva – zdroje potravy larvy jelena brouka. Ale nejen dnes, i v d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob\u00e1ch, lid\u00e9 v\u011bnovali jelen\u00edho brouka pozornost. Ji\u017e v literatu\u0159e starov\u011bku jsou n\u00e1znaky tohoto p\u016fsobiv\u00e9ho a nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho domorod\u00e9ho brouka. \u0158eck\u00fd b\u00e1sn\u00edk ARISTOPHANES (448-380 p\u0159. Nl) tedy ve sv\u00e9 komedii \u201eMraky\u201c, ver\u0161e 761-763, popisuje d\u011btskou hru, kter\u00e1 byla b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m \u0158ecku a ve kter\u00e9 jelen\u00ed brouci sv\u00e1zan\u00ed s nit\u00ed jsou k radosti d\u011bt\u00ed. musel plavit vzduchem. I v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob\u00e1ch to byl popul\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u00e1nek. A dokonce i dnes ve Francii se term\u00edn \u201ecerf-volant\u201c (l\u00e9taj\u00edc\u00ed jelen) vztahuje stejn\u011b na brouka i draka. Kolem zv\u00ed\u0159ete se prol\u00edn\u00e1 mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00fdt\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad N\u011bmci mu p\u0159ipisovali nadp\u0159irozen\u00e9 s\u00edly a spojili ho s bohem Thorem (Donar). Jako bo\u017esk\u00e9 stvo\u0159en\u00ed m\u011bl brouk p\u0159itahovat blesk. Jin\u00e9 tradice uv\u00e1d\u011bly jelenovit\u00e9 brouky, o nich\u017e se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee nosily \u017ehav\u00e9 uhl\u00ed z uheln\u00fdch dol\u016f do sv\u00fdch domov\u016f sv\u00fdmi jazyky. Dodnes se zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed lidov\u00e1 jm\u00e9na jako Donnaguggi nebo Hausbrenner. Tak\u00e9 pozitivn\u00ed, pokud dnes zastaral\u00e9 znalosti, se p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed z d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob. Popel stagna brouka m\u00e1 tedy afrodiziak\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky. Tak\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159ata byla pou\u017eita jako v\u011b\u0161tkyn\u011b nebo proti magii. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech Bavorska nosili \u201eparohy\u201c jelena brouka na Charivari (\u0159et\u00edzek \u0161perk\u016f na Lederhosen). Jak z\u00e1bavn\u00e9, jak mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy z d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dob, je smutn\u00e9 vid\u011bt osud jelena brouka. V 1749, naturalista Johann August R\u00f6sel von Rosenhof psal: \u201czda on [jelen brouk] je nyn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00fd v\u0161em, ai tak i d\u011bti, […]\u201c. Dnes jen mal\u00fd, zejm\u00e9na star\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9, znaj\u00ed jelena brouka; pouze n\u011bkolik jich n\u011bkdy vid\u011blo. To pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nen\u00ed zp\u016fsobeno nedostatkem z\u00e1jmu o tento p\u016fsobiv\u00fd hmyz. D\u016fvodem je mnohem v\u00edce sou\u010dasn\u00e1 vz\u00e1cnost \u0161elmy v Bavorsku. D\u016fvodem je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zmizen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch listnat\u00fdch les\u016f z bavorsk\u00e9 krajiny. P\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 lety za\u010dalo Bavorsko p\u011bstovat smrkov\u00e9 lesy. Tam, kde b\u00fdvaly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a strukturn\u011b bohat\u00e9 Laubundsk\u00e9 sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 lesy por\u00e1\u017eely, dnes se \u010dasto nal\u00e9zaj\u00ed \u010dasto \u0161patn\u011b strukturovan\u00e9 monot\u00f3nn\u00ed smrkov\u00e9 a sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 lesy. Druh\u00fdm d\u016fvodem je pochopen\u00ed po\u0159\u00e1dku a \u010distoty v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m lese. Mrtv\u00e9 d\u0159evo a pa\u0159ezy le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na zemi – potravinov\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro larvu jelena brouka – nebyly na mnoha m\u00edstech tolerov\u00e1ny a zmizely.<\/p>\n

Objevili jste st\u0159evl\u00edka v Passau Dunajsk\u00e9m \u00fadol\u00ed nebo v jeho okol\u00ed? Pot\u00e9 napi\u0161te e-mail s um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm, datem a nejlep\u0161\u00edm z fotografie na s.zoder@hausamstrom.de. D\u011bkuji! Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed se dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o m\u00edstn\u00edch brouc\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n

 [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_media_grid element_width=”2″ grid_id=”vc_gid:1574867808855-f2e1f834-7758-10″ include=”1874,1792,5122,5956,5955,5954,5946,264,5953,6008,5945,267,268,5125,5118″][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Donauleiten z Passau do Jochensteinu”][vc_column_text]P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace (NSG) \u201eDonauleiten z Pasova do Jochensteinu\u201c je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody NATURA 2000, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b evropsk\u00fdch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Rezerva byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena v roce 1986 a m\u00e1 rozlohu 401 ha. Pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed o d\u00e9lce asi 30 km, od asi 290 m nad mo\u0159em. NN a\u017e asi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6955,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6979","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nPr\u016fvodci \u0159ekou Dunaj - Haus am Strom<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hausamstrom.de\/cs\/udoli-dunaje-2\/pruvodci-rekou-dunaj\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pr\u016fvodci \u0159ekou Dunaj - Haus am Strom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=”Donauleiten z Passau do Jochensteinu”][vc_column_text]P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rezervace (NSG) \u201eDonauleiten z Pasova do Jochensteinu\u201c je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody NATURA 2000, d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b evropsk\u00fdch chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. 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